2 Corinthians 1:23
A focused desk for reading, commentary, cross-references, original language notes, and your own observations.
2 Corinthians 1:23
23 Moreover I call God for a record upon my soul, that to spare you I came not as yet unto Corinth.
Chapter Context
2 Corinthians 1 is a apologetic epistle chapter in the New Testament that explores themes of mercy, faith, covenant. Written during Paul's third missionary journey (c. 55-56 CE), this chapter should be understood within its historical context: Paul defended his apostleship against challenges in a culture valuing rhetorical prowess.
The chapter can be divided into several sections:
- Verses 1-5: Introduction and setting the context
- Verses 6-12: Development of key themes
- Verses 13-20: Central message and teachings
- Verses 21-24: Conclusion and application
This chapter is significant because it foreshadows Christ's work through typology and prophetic elements. When studying this passage, it's important to consider both its immediate context within 2 Corinthians and its broader place in the scriptural canon.
Verse Study
2 Corinthians 1:23
23 Moreover I call God for a record upon my soul, that to spare you I came not as yet unto Corinth.
Analysis
Moreover I call God for a record upon my soul (μάρτυρα τὸν θεὸν ἐπικαλοῦμαι ἐπὶ τὴν ἐμὴν ψυχήν)—martyra...epikaloumai (μάρτυρα...ἐπικαλοῦμαι, "I call as witness") is oath formula (Rom 1:9, Phil 1:8, 1 Thess 2:5). Epi tēn emēn psychēn (ἐπὶ τὴν ἐμὴν ψυχήν, "upon my soul/life") stakes Paul's existence—may God judge if he lies.
That to spare you I came not as yet unto Corinth—pheidomenos (φειδόμενος, "sparing/forbearing") shows merciful restraint. Paul's delay wasn't fickleness (v. 17) but pastoral care: premature return during unresolved conflict would require severe discipline.
Historical Context
Written around AD 55-56 from Macedonia after Paul's 'painful visit' to Corinth (2:1). The Corinthian church faced challenges to Paul's apostolic authority from 'super-apostles' (11:5) who valued eloquence over cruciform ministry. Paul writes to defend his ministry, explain his changed travel plans, and restore relationship with this fractious congregation.
Reflection
- Am I willing to 'spare' others by delaying confrontation when immediate action would harm?
- How do I respond when people misinterpret my patience as weakness or avoidance?
- What relationship requires me to invoke God as witness over my motives, clarifying love guides me?
Word Studies
- God: Θεός (Theos) G2316 - God
Cross-References
- References God: Romans 1:9, Galatians 1:20, Philippians 1:8
- Parallel theme: 2 Corinthians 12:20, 13:2, 13:10, 1 Corinthians 4:21